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HARMONIZATION OF TAXATION OF CORPORATIONS IN THE EU
Skalická, Hana ; Sadovský, Zdeněk (advisor)
After accession to the European Union, tax issues acquired and are still acquiring an entirely new character. A new legal environment is forming both in the Czech Republic and in the European Union. Until now, only indirect taxes have been harmonised, with direct taxes having remained in the domain of each member state. However, we are now feeling pressure to harmonise this area as well. Cases concerning value added tax belong to those that are now most often being resolved in front of the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg. Cases regarding direct taxes are also becoming increasingly important. Will direct taxes be harmonized to the same extent as indirect taxes have? When potential investor is considering his investment into a company, he needs to match comparable figures. Definitely, one of the most important criterions is the amount of profit after taxation followed by payout of dividends. If there are different ways of taxation of corporations in various EU Member States, then there would be no possibility to compare corporations placed in various EU Member States objectively. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is, based on the research in the whole EU regarding taxation of corporations, to suggest a method how to harmonize taxation of corporations, which now prevents companies from trading in a single EU market, and also to minimize corporation’s costs of fulfilment of tax administration requirements of each Member State. This aim has been achieved through the following partial aims: .. An analysis of taxation of corporations in each of all 27 EU Member States, .. An analysis of proposals of the European Commission regarding harmonisation of taxation of companies, .. Suggestion of own method of harmonization of taxation of corporations in the EU. In conclusion, there are emphasized the contributions of this thesis to the science, to the practice and to education.
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Taxation of Chosen Set of Taxpayers
Jandová, Zuzana ; Václavíčková, Pavla (referee) ; Brychta, Karel (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with taxation of student´s incomes. It analyzes the impacts of so-called tax reform in the regard of personal income tax with effect from 1. January 2008, it targets also the years 2007, 2008 and 2009. My bachelor thesis includes instructions, procedures, practical examples and necessary information for understanding the system of taxation of incomes of physical persons and the correct process of personal income-tax return. Target of this thesis is to optimise tax liability of students by finding the optimal variant of taxation when criteria are given. Student´s social and health insruance problems are also included in this work.
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International Taxation of Theater Artist’s Incomes
Ištvánková, Šárka ; Bohůnová, Lucie (referee) ; Brychta, Karel (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with international taxation of theater artist’s incomes. The main aim is to create methodical instruction for income taxation of tax non-residents of The Czech Republic. After that the methodical instruction is used for calculation of the tax liability of model tax payers - theater artists. The diploma thesis also evaluates case-law which deals with international taxation and defines possible risks which eventuate from incorrect interpretation.
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Taxation of Incomes from Photovoltaic Devices
Vrábľová, Michaela ; Lomozníková, Taťána (referee) ; Brychta, Karel (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the taxation of incomes from photovoltaic devices. An Income tax has undergone many changes since the amendments of Act on Income Taxes and Act on Promotion of Use of Renewable Sources were performed. The taxation of individuals for small and large photovoltaic power plants is described in the case studies. Comparison of calculations of Income tax for natural person and possible optimization of tax liability for taxpayer were carried out at the end of this thesis.
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Taxation of Non-residents Incomes
Hofmann, Eduard ; Lněnička, Libor (referee) ; Brychta, Karel (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the income taxation of non-residents in the Czech Republic. Its concern are physical persons who are taxed by a withholding tax. The main aim of this bachelor theses is to approach the problems of international double taxation and to demonstrate fiscal steps leading to tax optimization of non-residents for selected type of income.
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Withholding Tax Rate Elasticities of Foreign Direct Investment Outflows and Tax Revenue Consequences of Double Tax Treaties
Láznička, Jan ; Janský, Petr (advisor) ; Semerák, Vilém (referee)
This thesis provides a cross-country analysis of potential tax revenue losses due to the ways different countries tax over-border dividend and interest incomes of multinational enterprise. Withholding taxation of outgoing dividends and interest payments is regulated by domestic tax rules as well as bilateral double tax treaties. The signing of such a treaty might substantially reduce the tax rate levied by the source country on the outgoing passive income and thus decrease its tax revenue. We create a large panel dataset and estimate withholding tax rate elasticities of dividend and interest outflows for a large set of countries around the world. Subsequently, we use these elasticities to estimate potential tax revenue losses due to outgoing dividend and interest payments for the source countries in our dataset. The results show highly elastic dividend outflows, 2.3% - 2.58% decrease related to 1% increase in the applicable withholding tax. We also find substantial tax revenue losses due to dividend outflows for a number of source countries, the largest for Canada (1.35 - 3.19 billion USD) and the United States (2.27 - 2.94 billion USD). The investor country behind the largest part of potential losses shows up to be the Netherlands. JEL Classification F21, F23, H25, H26 Keywords double tax treaty;...
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International Taxation of Theater Artist’s Incomes
Ištvánková, Šárka ; Bohůnová, Lucie (referee) ; Brychta, Karel (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with international taxation of theater artist’s incomes. The main aim is to create methodical instruction for income taxation of tax non-residents of The Czech Republic. After that the methodical instruction is used for calculation of the tax liability of model tax payers - theater artists. The diploma thesis also evaluates case-law which deals with international taxation and defines possible risks which eventuate from incorrect interpretation.
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Taxation of Incomes from Photovoltaic Devices
Vrábľová, Michaela ; Lomozníková, Taťána (referee) ; Brychta, Karel (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the taxation of incomes from photovoltaic devices. An Income tax has undergone many changes since the amendments of Act on Income Taxes and Act on Promotion of Use of Renewable Sources were performed. The taxation of individuals for small and large photovoltaic power plants is described in the case studies. Comparison of calculations of Income tax for natural person and possible optimization of tax liability for taxpayer were carried out at the end of this thesis.
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Taxation of Non-residents Incomes
Hofmann, Eduard ; Lněnička, Libor (referee) ; Brychta, Karel (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the income taxation of non-residents in the Czech Republic. Its concern are physical persons who are taxed by a withholding tax. The main aim of this bachelor theses is to approach the problems of international double taxation and to demonstrate fiscal steps leading to tax optimization of non-residents for selected type of income.
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